Which sort of implies it was a white people thing that was influenced by black culture but not when it was too black.

I can see why you might think that from reading about it in 2024 but I’d suggest to you that the tempo slowdown is the major factor. Ska is an uptempo party music. Rocksteady slowed the tempo down and Reggae generally kept the tempo at that slower pace.

Also there was a progression of people leaving skinhead for rock following more high energy bands like The Who and The Small Faces and going through the psychedelic changes into Rock at the end of the sixties.

The fans of ska had no problem with reggae, especially Bob Marley, who was collaborating with Mick Jagger in no time. It’s just they’d moved on from skinhead because the scene had become much more associated with violence. There was also the very deliberate efforts of the National Front to recruit football supporters during the early 70s heyday of football hooliganism. A lot of the people that were into violence were attracted to the second wave of skinhead just as cultural changes to the music in Jamaica and the UK meant that a lot of the first wave were evolving into mods and then some of them hippies and eventually you see the emergence of street punk at the end of the 70s.

As for Rastafarianism, that was not at the time a dogmatic religion like Catholicism or the Moonies but arose out of cultural immersion and community practice in the places in Jamaica where most of its adherents lived. I don’t think it is a matter of being too black, it’s just that it’s very specific to Jamaica and eventually the Jamaican diaspora.

Edit: It’s no accident that the third wave of skinhead was kickstarted by Two Tone and was explicitly multi-racial and also that Two Tone harked back to uptempo ska.

Meanwhile in the Pentagon: ‘Autonomous drones you say…’

UKs 70 year olds are far less likely than their American counterparts to share Christian memes. They share different kinds of reactionary memes suggesting that ‘woke’ and what they think is hilarious to call ‘elf and safety’ are the causes of why things are so shit now rather than looking somewhat closer to home.

Unmiscegenated - I’d bet there’s plenty misogyny flying about in those voids.

It’s got that ‘retrain as a swan’ energy.

Why does there even need to be a COP every year? They know what to do, they know what will be enough and they have the authority in their home nations to do it. COP is just theatre.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ghost_Wars

Now all we need is for the CIA to take responsibility for the Islamic State and the circle of life (and death) is complete.

This is what people not from the UK (and a fair few who are) always fail to recognise: the Upper Class are engaged in economic war against everyone else, their goal is to maintain a local hegemony and they have been doing this continuously since at least the 11th Century.

There’s the small matter of his Dad, a former editor of The Times, having written a book about how to profit from disaster capitalism.

Similar thing happened back in the 80’s at a Sorting Office where I worked. The letters, then, were sorted into a 48 box fitting. They took a row of 48 box fittings down and discovered a postcard that was alleged to be 100 years old. I think they had a little ceremony with the living descendants of the addressee. This was when the Royal Mail prided itself on delivering the mail.

Now that’s a Jod I could jet behind.

Always. If inflation runs away, the poor suffer. If we get stuck in a deflationary cycle the poor suffer. Apparently it is impossible to construct an equitable system that works without gross inequality (spoiler: it isn’t but some people love inequality and will do anything to prevent things being distributed more equally.)

It provides a reason for them not to just “take their ball and go home” once they have a pile of money.

If that’s the reason for it it’s not doing its job. Investments are much like savings to high net worth individuals and their investments are managed by someone else and they simply lay in the cut and collect dividends. Yes there is a risk to investments but if you’re in a good wealth fund then over time you’re almost guaranteed to win even if you have disastrous months here and there.

Yes, this is true but you also have to factor in the marginal propensity to consume, or in plain English, the poorer you are the more of your income you have to spend on necessities like rent or groceries.

There are always high interest investments available to people with a large amounts of spare cash floating about even when inflation is low.

If your rent + utilities + food = your income then you ain’t hoarding money even in a deflationary spiral.

Look into the history of 2-Tone, you’ll find that it was not appropriated but a movement deliberately calculated to bring black and white teenagers together.

Ska is simple, fun music that cares little for anything other than being fun, and is often gleefully immature.

Ska, as youngsters know it today, was reinvented by the 2-Tone movement in the UK (specifically Coventry) in the late 70s. The scene was overtly political and as @NuPNuA has stated was a deliberately multicultural movement, hence the name.

If you want to hear some original ska from Jamaica then have a look for songs by Prince Buster but beware you will find some historical attitudes.

This is because inflation isn’t a bug it’s a feature.

Anything that transfers wealth up the chain, from working class to middle class and from middle class to upper class, is a feature of the western economic system.

For example, in England and Wales the Bank of England is charged with keeping inflation at a target of around two per cent. This means that the pound in a workers pocket is supposed to devalue. The advantage is that the government borrows money in its own currency so inflation means that its debt goes down (in real terms) when inflation goes up.

Yep, people here in England and Wales (Scotland has a similar system too AFAIK) are remanded in custody if they constitute a flight risk or a danger to the public at large. There are no bonds.

Just FYI, the CEO of Fable Studios is one Edward Saatchi. His father is Maurice Saatchi whose advertising agency was partially responsible for ten years of Conservative rule under Margaret Thatcher. The family absolutely has previous with union bashing.